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SOUTH ASIA INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
Weekly Assessments & Briefings
Volume 13, No. 32, February 9, 2015

Data and assessments from SAIR can be freely published in any form with credit to the South Asia Intelligence Review of the
South Asia Terrorism Portal


ASSESSMENT

NEPAL
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Divisions over Drafts
Ajit Kumar Singh
Research Fellow, Institute for Conflict Management

The environment of peace that had been established in Nepal in 2013 survived, despite challenges, through 2014, with not a single insurgency-related fatality on record. Significantly, since March 2000, when the South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP) database commenced compiling data on insurgency-related fatalities in Nepal, it was in 2013 that the Himalayan Nation did not record a single insurgency-related fatality during the course of a year, for the first time, and remained completely free of insurgency-related violence. At its peak in 2002, the insurgency saw 4,896 persons, including 3,992 Maoists, 666 Security Force (SF) personnel and 238 civilians, killed in a single year.

The successful holding of elections for the second Constituent Assembly (CA) on November 19, 2013, have, in some measure, transformed the political environment of the country and diminished violent inter-party clashes. As against 22 such clashes resulting in four deaths and 167 injuries in 2013, no such clashes were reported through 2014. 

However, intra-party conflict continues to haunt the country. The fissures within the Unified Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (UCPN-M) brought the party almost to the brink of a break-up. Supporters of both Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal aka Prachanda and former Prime Minister (PM) and former Vice-Chairman Dr. Baburam Bhattarai clashed with each other on various occasions. In one such incident, on April 28, 2014, two UCPN-M cadres loyal to Dahal were seriously injured after cadres loyal to Bhattarai exchanged blows at the opening ceremony of the Rasuwa District Convention, following a heated debate over the duration of the political event. Cadres from remote areas had demanded that the convention be concluded on the day itself, arguing that they did not have enough money for overnight accommodation. Further, the Mohan Baidya aka Kiran -led faction of the Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist (CPN-Maoist-Baidya), which abandoned the UCPN-M on June 19, 2012, split further on November 24, 2014, after a splinter-group led by party secretary Netra Bikram Chand submitted a letter to the CPN-Maoist-Baidya Central Committee, announcing its intentions to separate. Subsequently, on December 1, Netra Bikram Chand formed a new party, styling itself as CPN-Maoist.

Meanwhile, the people of Nepal returned a fractured mandate in the second CA elections of November 2013, creating enormous obstacles even to the smooth formation of a new Government, given the history of acrimonious relations between the major political parties. Nevertheless, a new Government was formed on February 9, 2014, when Nepali Congress (NC) President Sushil Koirala became Nepal's 37th Prime Minister, securing more than two-thirds of the votes in Parliament. Belying all fears of a rolling crisis, NC and Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist Leninist (CPN-UML) came together, along with members of 14 other parties and one independent, to constitute a new and stable Government. NC and CPN-UML had emerged as the two leading parties in the CA, with 196 and 175 seats, respectively, in the 601-member CA.

Regrettably, however, the political class continues to fail to deliver the new Constitution, even after over six years of the drafting process. The first CA was constituted on May 28, 2008, with mandate to deliver the Constitution by May 28, 2010. It was, however, dissolved on May 27, 2012, after four extensions. The second CA was constituted on January 21, 2014, and it fixed the deadline for delivery of the Constitution as January 22, 2015. This deadline has, again, been missed, with little concrete advance in addressing the various contentious issues that had stalled the drafting process in the past. These unresolved issues principally include the form of government, federalism, judiciary and the electoral system. Though some reports claimed that the major parties had reached 'near consensus' on issues relating to the system of governance, the electoral and judicial systems, the parties remained at odds on federalism during the last phases of discussions, before the pandemonium broke out in Parliament.  Bhattarai, in an interview published on February 4, 2015, remarked,

There is vast difference between the idea of democracy of Congress [NC] and UML [CPN-UML] and the idea of democracy of Maoists and other new forces. The ruling parties are basically in favor of liberal democracy, with its emphasis on majority rule, periodic elections and multiparty competition. We are not opposed to it. But we don’t think that is enough... What we need is inclusive democracy... Thus the main battle is between liberal democracy and new inclusive democracy... We have been insisting there should first be genuine federalism, which means the oppressed nationalities must get federal states where their rights and identities are secure. This is the definition of federalism around the world. The kind of administrative re-division Congress and UML have been talking about is not federalism... The other important constitutional issue is proportional representation. If we go back on this, as the ruling parties want to, it will be death of inclusive agenda. We cannot compromise on these two issues...

NC Central Working Committee member Dr. Shekhar Koirala, on January 19, 2015, similarly noted that the persisting disagreements are related to the name, boundaries, and number of States.

Not surprisingly, Nepal is currently threatened by political turmoil. In a clear manifestation of growing political volatility in the Republic, opposition members of the CA, led by UCPN-M, vandalized Parliament and attacked ruling party leaders and security staff, leaving four security staff members injured, on January 20, 2015. Again, on January 22, 2015, opposition CA members threw microphones and shoes at the members of the ruling alliance. On this day, protests also erupted across Nepal, in which several persons were injured and a substantial quantum of property was damaged. In fact, as the deadline for the Constitutional draft approached, protests and bandhs (general strikes) became the order of the day. Significantly, during one such bandh enforced by the UCPN-M-led alliance, which turned violent in several parts of the country, a protester, identified as Rajaram Jha (25), died at Bhramarpurachok in Dhanusha District on January 12, 2015.

The violence inside Parliament as well as on the streets was allegedly a response to the ruling alliance’s attempt to pass the charter of the new Constitution through majority vote, as no consensus could be reached. The 10-party ruling alliance has the two-thirds majority in Parliament that is needed to approve the Constitution, without the support of the UCPN-M led opposition.

Violent protests continue even now. The opposition alliance has also decided to launch ‘phase-wise protests’ starting from February 11, 2015, even as daily threats of "revolution" are issued. Bhattarai, for instance, declared, "We believe the CA has of late been hijacked by regressive forces. This hijacked CA functions more like a Parliament. We believe there is a need for a new revolution to convert this Parliament into Constituent Assembly. But if this state of hijack does not end, history will take a new turn. The oppressed and marginalized communities will once again revolt."

Political parties in Nepal have shown little sagacity over the past years, keeping Nepal teetering on the brink of enveloping disorders. There will now be political pressure on Prime Minister Koirala to resign on moral grounds, since the Constitution drafting deadline has again been missed, a point conceded by NC Central Working Committee member Dr. Shekhar Koirala. But this will do nothing to resolve the enduring crisis in Nepal, as the electoral mandate would continue to lie with the ruling alliance, and there would be no movement forward to resolving the contentious issues of the elusive new Constitution.

On February 3, 2015, Prime Minister Koirala asserted that the Constitution drafting process would not stop because of threats, bragging and blackmail by UCPN-M, and observed, "The UCPN (Maoist) will not get public support if they quit CA and decide to go for protest. People want development and political stability. They will not support Maoists’ agenda.”

Indeed, the massive turnout of 78.34 per cent in the CA elections of 2013 – far above the record turnout of 68.15 per cent in the General Elections of 1991 – demonstrate the overwhelming public aspiration for peace, order and democratic governance, and any political formation betraying popular will is unlikely to secure significant support. Nevertheless, the persistent deadlock over the Constitutional draft can undermine the surge of optimism that followed the 2013 Election, and will push the country towards increasing uncertainty.

INDIA
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Mizoram: Unsettled Peace
M. A. Athul
Research Assistant, Institute for Conflict Management

The 20-year long insurgency in Mizoram (1966-86), led by the Mizo National Front (MNF) was resolved as far back as in 1986, and the State has, since, been at peace in terms of that stream of insurgency. Nevertheless, the ethnic polarization and tensions provoked by the MNF insurgency continue to trigger occasional violence linked to a range of other armed groups, some of them located in and operating from neighbouring States.

On February 2, 2015, suspected armed militants of National Liberation Front of Tripura (NLFT) and Bru Democratic Front of Mizoram (BDFM) abducted 22 people from an area close to the Indo-Bangladesh border in Mamit District of Mizoram. Sources disclosed that around 10 militants armed with sophisticated weapons later released 20 of them, while holding back two hostages - Hokum Singh and Mohammad Buizul Islam. The hostages are employees of the Border Roads Task Force (BRTF).

On February 1, 2015, the Mizoram Police and Assam Rifles, in a joint operation, arrested two arms dealers from Vanzau village in Champhai District near the Indo-Myanmar border. One M2 carbine along with two magazines and a 9mm pistol along with a magazine were seized.

These incidents reflect the continuance existence of forces, though miniscule, inimical to enduring peace achieved in the State. Mizoram boasts of being the most peaceful state in the entire North-eastern region, barring Sikkim which has never witnessed any insurgency in its history.  

According to the South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP) database, Mizoram has recorded at least 46 insurgency-related fatalities since 1997, including 15 civilians, 22 Security Force (SF) personnel and nine militants. The trend of low to zero fatalities recorded after 2007 continues, with no fatalities in 2013, and two in 2014. On October 15, bodies of two non-tribals, suspected to be those of a truck driver and his helper, both believed to be from the Kamrup District in Assam, were recovered from Tuikhurhlu in Aizawl District. No further detail is available in this regard.

The State had last registered an insurgency-related fatality in 2011, that too of a civilian, when a member of the Bru community was shot dead by suspected United Democratic Liberation Army (UDLA) militants at Thinglian village of Kolasib District on July 17, 2011.

Other parameters of violence like explosions, arsons, abductions-for-extortion, also registered a marginal increase through 2014, as against the preceding year.  

Three explosions were recorded in 2014, as against none in 2013. In one such incident, on January 30, 2014, an explosion took place near the State Assembly Secretariat in Aizawl, the State Capital. On February 20, 2014, an explosion took place at Borabazar area in Aizawl city. Again, on August 1, 2014, an explosion took place near the residence of Mizoram Parliamentary Secretary for Home in Mission Veng locality in Aizawl. No casualties were reported in any of the three explosions, though damage to property did occur.

Meanwhile, two instances of abduction were reported through 2014. On June 14, 2014, three traders and their driver were abducted by NLFT militants from Phaileng village in Mamit District. Subsequently, on October 10, 2014, suspected NLFT militants abducted 15 persons from Amchurmukh, near Rajivnagar, in Mamit District. Four of them were released on the same day. The remaining 11 persons were released on November 7, 2014. Initially a ransom amount of INR 3 million was demanded by abductors, which was later reduced to INR 1.1 million. It is not clear if the ransom was paid or not.

In 2013, two incidents of abduction had been reported.

Apart from the Tripura-based NLFT, the Hmar People's Convention-Democracy (HPC-D),  a group demanding self-government in the north and northeast of Mizoram, remains active in the State. Significantly, on February 21, 2014, Mizoram Police confirmed the arrest of five suspected HPC-D militants from Parvachawm area in Churachandpur District of Manipur for their involvement in the explosion near the State Assembly Secretariat on January 30, 2014. On November 10, 2014, the Border Security Force (BSF) stated, "At least 55 camps of northeast India militants are still functional in different parts of Bangladesh and opposite to Tripura, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Assam's borders with Bangladesh." Mizoram faces a residual threat from such groups.

The unresolved challenges of the State were compounded by the continuing activity of arms smugglers who use Mizoram as a transit point. According to SATP data, at least four incidents of recovery of arms and seven arrests of persons engaged in such traffic, occurred through 2014, as against two such incidents and four arrests in 2013. In one such incident on November 6, 2014, Mizoram Police recovered 19,300 detonators from two suspects, from the border village of Zokhawthar in Champai District. On further investigation another suspect was arrested from an unspecified location on November 6, 2014.

Fake Indian Currency Notes (FICN) racketeers have also been using the State as a transit point. In 2014, at least two incidents of recovery of FICN were reported as against none in 2013. In one such incident on October 4, 2014, BSF and Police recovered FICN worth INR 184,000 in the denomination of INR 1,000 at Tlabung Market in the Demagiri area of Lunglei District and arrested two suspects, Chandalay Chakma and Taranga Mohan Chakma. Deputy Inspector General (DIG) of BSF [Mizoram and Cachar Frontier], Satish Budakoti, stated that FICN was brought from Bangladesh to Demagiri in order to take them to the interior areas. On December 1, 2014, Dinesh Kumar Upadhyaya, Inspector General, BSF, stated that BSF's Mizoram and Cachar Frontier units recovered FICN worth of INR 513,000 in 2014.

Ethnic strife between Bru tribals and Mizos continues to simmer, occasionally manifesting in violence. In one such instance, on January 14, 2014, at least 2,423 Bru tribals from at least three villages in Mamit District fled to Tripura, after the Mizo Zirlai Pawl (MZP, Mizo Students' Association), a powerful student body, started a mass ‘voluntary search operation’. After the exodus, the Mizoram administration agreed to provide security to Bru families in the western part of Mizoram to prevent more Brus from leaving.

Further, the repatriation of Bru refugees, who had been sheltered in Tripura since 1997, resumed in 2014. On January 30, 2015, Mizoram Home Minister R. Lalzirliana  stated that the Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) had agreed to organise a final six-month repatriation process for internally-displaced Bru tribals, after which all those who do not return home from Tripura would be removed from Mizoram’s electoral rolls and further relief to them would also be stopped. Official records show that almost 4,000 Bru families, who have voting rights in Mizoram, continue to live in the relief camps in Tripura. It has also been decided that, in the interim, Tripura, where many of displaced Brus live in six relief camps, would improve living conditions there and double the current financial aid allotted to each displaced Bru tribal.

Meanwhile, the law and order situation in the State gives serious cause for concern. Significantly, the rate of crimes registered under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) in 2013 stood at 165.6 per 100,000 population, much higher, for instance, than in the insurgency-afflicted states of Manipur (126.3), Meghalaya (121.1) and Nagaland (52.6), according to National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) Data. NCRB data also showed that Mizoram, with a tiny population of 1.016 million, recorded 27 murder cases, 19 cases of attempt to murder and 89 cases of rape during 2013. Though NCRB data for 2014 is yet to be published, the Crime Branch of the State Criminal Investigation Department disclosed that Police Stations and outposts across Mizoram registered 45 murder cases, 23 cases of attempt to murder and 125 cases of rape through 2014.

A crisis of drug use also afflicts the State. Mizoram has one of the highest reported incidence of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in India, with at least 4,169 Human Immuno Deficiency Virus/ (HIV)/AIDS infected people. Recent studies have shown that almost one third (31.8 per cent) of HIV infections in Mizoram are among injecting drug users. According to Mizoram’s Excise & Narcotics Department (END), as against 36 drug related deaths in 2013, year 2014 recorded 38 deaths. In fact, an August 20, 2013, report noted that, in a span of two decades, from 1984 till August 7, 2013, Mizoram recorded 1,241 drug-related deaths. The drug which caused the maximum damage was Proxyvon/Parvon Spas. In 2014, END officials seized 10,289 capsules of Proxyvon and 18,874 capsules of Parvon Spas, adding to the seizure of 2,440 Proxyvon capsules and 2,87,923 capsules of Parvon Spas in 2013. It is useful to note that insurgents in the Northeast have long used drug money to arm and fund their operations.

Mizoram with its literacy rate of 91.91 per cent, well above the national average of 74.04 per cent, has the potential to be the powerhouse of development in the region. It has a vast potential for energy production, including a hydroelectric power potential of 4,500 MW, of which just 0.7 per cent has yet been harnessed. Governance and administration remains abysmal, and a virtual 'dole economy', overwhelmingly financed by the Centre, continues to exist. More than 28 years after the end of a virulent insurgency in the State, there is still little evidence of the promised ‘peace dividend' in terms of any dramatic development in the State.


NEWS BRIEFS

Weekly Fatalities: Major Conflicts in South Asia
February 2-8, 2015

 

Civilians

Security Force Personnel

Terrorists/Insurgents

Total

BANGLADESH

 

Islamist

0
0
6
6

Total (BANGLADESH)

0
0
6
6

INDIA

 

Arunachal Pradesh

2
1
0
3

Manipur

2
0
1
3

Meghalaya

1
0
2
3

Left-wing Extremism

 

Chhattisgarh

0
2
0
2

Maharashtra

2
0
0
2

Odisha

1
0
0
1

Total (INDIA)

8
3
3
14

PAKISTAN

 

Balochistan

2
1
0
3

FATA

11
4
40
55

KP

1
7
4
12

Sindh

5
0
3
8

PAKISTAN (Total)

19
12
47
78
Provisional data compiled from English language media sources.


BANGLADESH

We vow to continue ongoing 'peaceful' democratic movement until Government quits, says BNP joint Secretary General Salahuddin Ahmed: Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) joint Secretary General Salahuddin Ahmed on February 3 said that the BNP will continue with its protest. "We vow to continue the ongoing peaceful democratic movement until the Government quits and announces to arrange a free, friar and participatory election accepting the mass demand of caretaker government". Claiming that the victory in their ongoing movement is very close, Ahmed called upon people to continue the agitation against the Government until it announces to hold an inclusive election under a non-party administration. The Independent, February 4, 2015.

Pakistani diplomat withdrawn from Bangladesh for involvement in terror financing and currency forgery racket:A Pakistani diplomat was withdrawn from Bangladesh on January 31 after intelligence dug out his involvement in terror financing and currency forgery racket. Foreign Ministry officials said that Mohammad Mazhar Khan, attaché at the consular section of Pakistan High Commission in Dhaka city was also an agent of his country's secret service Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI). According to official sources, intelligence agencies learnt that the earnings through the fake currency scam were given to militant outfits like Hizb-ut-Tahrir, Ansarullah Bangla Team, Jamaat-e-Islami (JeI)-Islami Chhatra Shibir (ICS) axis for various sabotage acts. Daily Star, February 3, 2015.


INDIA

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, his residence and Parliament on terror radar, says report: Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, his 7 Race Course Road (RCR) residence and the Indian Parliament are under terror threat from Pakistan based terror groups. Intelligence agencies have warned Delhi Police that terror groups operating in Pakistan have planned for a major terror attack on Narendra Modi, 7 RCR and on the Indian Parliament. Apart from terror groups like Lashkar e Toiba (LeT) and Jama'at-ud-Da'wah (JuD), Islamic State (IS) has also started spreading its wings in Pakistan. Samay Live, February 3, 2015.

China and Russia back India on UN terror charter against Pakistan: China and Russia on February 2 decided to back India for moving a proposal at the United Nations (UN) that essentially goes against Pakistan on the issue of terrorism. In order to corner Pakistan for sheltering and facilitating terrorists involved the November 26, 2008 (26/11) carnage and other attacks in the country, India seeks to move a resolution in the UN to punish those who shelter and finance terrorism. And . Times of India, February 3, 2015.

ISI trained Khalistani terrorists from UK in Thailand, says report: Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, his 7 Race Course Road (RCR) residence and the Indian Parliament are under terror threat from Pakistan based terror groups. Intelligence agencies have warned Delhi Police that terror groups operating in Pakistan have planned for a major terror attack on Narendra Modi, 7 RCR and on the Indian Parliament. Apart from terror groups like Lashkar e Toiba (LeT) and Jama'at-ud-Da'wah (JuD), Islamic State (IS) has also started spreading its wings in Pakistan. Hindustan Times, February 6, 2015.

Ceasefire violations by Pakistan increased after news of India bolstering border defence with state of the art technology, says BSF: An internal assessment by Border Security Force (BSF) of the recent ceasefire violations by Pakistan has concluded that much of the firing towards the close of 2014 and beginning of 2015 started after news of India bolstering its border defence with state of the art technology appeared in the media. The BSF assessment is that the news of laser walls, ground sensors to detect tunnels and thermal imaging cameras being installed to stop infiltration frustrated Pakistan Rangers who launched an attack to disrupt the process. Times of India, February 3, 2015.

Maoist bastion shrinking in Bihar and Jharkhand, says CRPF DG Prakash Mishra: Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Director General (DG) Prakash Mishra on February 2 said the 'red zone' [Communist Party of India-Maoist (CPI-Maoist)-infested region] is steadily shrinking in Bihar and Jharkhand. It has been possible because the CRPF personnel are not only carrying out operations against Maoists but also helping the common man in many other ways, like distributing essentials such as woolen clothes, utensils etc and enabling them to get their Aadhaar cards. These efforts have helped CRPF win the confidence of poor people, who were earlier providing shelter to the Left-Wing Extremists (LWEs). Times of India, February 3, 2015.

North East militants flee from Myanmar camps as Myanmar Army moves towards Taga area, says report: Movement of Myanmar Army towards the Taga area created panic among the militant groups of the North East, who are taking shelter in Myanmar. Sources state that Myanmar Army personnel started moving towards the Taga area on January 18. As most of the camps of the militant groups such as Independent faction of United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA-I) and IK Songbijit faction of National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB-IKS) are based in the Taga area, the movement caused panic among them. Assam Tribune, February 2, 2015.

Government decides to investigate 188 NGOs for terror connection, says report: The Indian government has decided to carry on investigation against the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) which have been funding extremism, stage managing protests or indulging in conversions. The list of 188 NGOs is with the Union Ministry of Home Affairs (UMHA). This list has been drawn up by the Intelligence Bureau (IB) after conducting years of investigation which started in the year 2006. One India, February 4, 2015.


PAKISTAN

40 militants and 11 civilians among 55 persons killed during the week in FATA: Three members of the pro-government peace committee, Tauheedul Islam (TI), were killed and five others sustained injuries in an explosion in Nari Baba area of Tirah Valley in Khyber Agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) on February 8.

At least seven militants were killed in a clash with Security Forces (SFs) in Mohmand Agency on February 7.

Six unidentified bodies of suspected militants were recovered from Yaka Ghund area in Mohmand Agency.

At least 25 militants were killed in air strikes in the Sanzila area of South Waziristan Agency on February 4 as part of a major offensive against the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and other insurgents.

At least four soldiers were killed in an explosion targeting a convoy of SFs in the Warmagai area of Kurram Agency on February 3. Following the blast, SFs and militants also clashed in Warmagai area, in which two TTP militants, including one key 'commander', Gul, and his accomplice, were killed.

Five TI activists were killed in an Improvised Explosive Device (IED) in the Naray Baba area of Tirah Valley in Khyber Agency on February 3.

At least three peace volunteers were killed while two others were injured on February 2 in a bomb blast in Nari Baba area of Tirah Valley. Daily Times; Dawn; The News; Tribune; Central Asia Online; The Nation; The Frontier Post; Pakistan Today; Pakistan Observer, February 3-9, 2015.

1,999 suspects arrested under National Action Plan in Punjab, reveal official statistics: While the National Action Plan (NAP) is being implemented across the country since December 17, 2014, Islamabad Police, in association with Law Enforcement agencies, have so far arrested 1,999 people and booked them in 1,610 cases in connection with four recently promulgated ordinances in provincial capital Lahore. However, 1,163 cases in four categories are pending with the courts. Dawn, February 4, 2015.

Dialogue with India minus Kashmir issue not acceptable, says Advisor to the Prime Minister on National Security and Foreign Affairs Sartaj Aziz: Advisor to the Prime Minister on National Security and Foreign Affairs Sartaj Aziz on February 4 informed the National Assembly that Pakistan desired a meaningful and resulted oriented dialogue with India, however, the dialogue process minus the Kashmir issue would not be acceptable. The Advisor said that as per reports, United States (US) President Barack Obama during his recent visit to India stressed the need to resume the stalled dialogue process with Pakistan. He said that Pakistan, however, had not yet received any positive indication in this regard. The News, February 5, 2015.


SRI LANKA

Regulation banning al Qaeda presented in Parliament: Sri Lankan Government on February 5 presented the regulation under the United Nations (UN) Act to locally ratify the ban on al Qaeda as a global terrorist outfit. The Gazette notification had been signed by former External Affairs Minister G.L. Peiris on December 14, 2014. According to the regulation, this organisation is continued to be designated as a terrorist outfit. It is prohibited for any individual to aid and abet the al Qaeda. The financial intelligence authorities of Sri Lanka are authorised to seize funds and assets of this terrorist outfit. Daily Mirror, February 6, 2015.

International probe is the only way justice will prevail for Tamils, says TNA MP Suresh Premachandran: The Tamil National Alliance (TNA) said it will not support a domestic investigation launched by the new Government over the war between the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and State Security Forces (SFs) that ended in May 2009. TNA parliamentarian Suresh Premachandran, during discussions with United States (US) Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs, Nisha Biswal on February 3, stressed that an international probe is the only way justice will prevail for the Tamils who have suffered the war. Colombo Page, February 4, 2015.

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The South Asia Intelligence Review (SAIR) is a weekly service that brings you regular data, assessments and news briefs on terrorism, insurgencies and sub-conventional warfare, on counter-terrorism responses and policies, as well as on related economic, political, and social issues, in the South Asian region.

SAIR is a project of the Institute for Conflict Management and the South Asia Terrorism Portal.

South Asia Intelligence Review [SAIR]

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K. P. S. Gill

Editor
Dr. Ajai Sahni


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