1931
|
Movement launched against Dogra rule in the princely State.
|
1932
|
All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference founded by Sheikh Mohammed
Abdullah and Mirwaiz Yusuf Shah.
|
1939
|
Muslim Conference renamed National Conference (NC) by Sheikh
Abdullah.
|
1946
|
NC launches Quit Kashmir movement against Maharajah Hari Singh.
Sheikh Abdullah arrested.
|
1947
|
Tribal invasion launched from newly independent Pakistan. Sheikh
Abdullah released from prison. The Maharaja accedes to the Indian
Union. Sheikh Abdullah appointed head of the emergency administration.
Indian Army enters the State to repel Pakistani raiders.
|
1948
|
India refers Kashmir issue to the United Nations (UN) Security
Council and offers to hold a plebiscite under UN supervision,
after tribal raiders are moved back. On 13 August, a UN Commission
proposes that the State's future be decided in accordance with
the will of the people. On 20 December, Pakistan, too, accepts
the UN resolution.
|
1949
|
A cease-fire between Indian and Pakistani forces leaves 84,000
sq. km of Kashmir under Pakistan's control. On 17 October, India's
Constituent Assembly adopts Article 370 of the Constitution that
ensures special status for Jammu and Kashmir.
|
1951
|
An interim Constitution for the State comes into force in November.
|
1952
|
An agreement is arrived at on 24 July between Sheikh Abdullah
and the Government of India. It provided for the State's autonomy
within the Indian Union.
|
1953
|
On August 9, Sheikh Abdullah dismissed as Prime Minister of Jammu
and Kashmir and arrested. Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed succeeds Sheikh
Abdullah. The governments of India and Pakistan agree to appoint
a plebiscite administrator by the end of April 1954.
|
1956
|
State Constituent Assembly adopts the State's Constitution. One
of the provisions of the Constitution made Jammu and Kashmir an
integral part of the Indian Union.
|
1963
|
Violence and demonstrations reported across the Valley, on December
27, when a holy relic is found missing from the Hazratbal
shrine.
|
1964
|
The holy relic is recovered on January 4. Sheikh Abdullah released
on April 8. Conspiracy charges filed against Sheikh Abdullah dropped.
On April 29, Sheikh Abdullah calls on Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru. Less than a month later, on May 25, Sheikh Abdullah goes
to Pakistan at Nehru's instance for talks with Field Marshal Ayub
Khan. Nehru passes away on May 27. Protest demonstrations held
in Kashmir on December 21, against extending Article 356 and Article
357 of the Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir State.
|
1965
|
India and Pakistan go to war. Armed Pakistani infiltrators cross
the cease-fire line on August 5 and, a month later, in September,
the international border, near Chhamb. The war ends in a fresh
cease-fire on September 23. Tashkent Agreement signed by the Indian
Prime Minister and the Pakistani President on ending the war.
The Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF)
is formed in Pakistan held Kashmir with the aim of fighting for
the secession of J&K from India.
|
1972
|
Shimla Agreement concluded on July 2 between Zulfikar Ali Bhutto,
President of Pakistan and Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India.
Resolution of Kashmir dispute postponed for a later meeting between
the heads of governments of the two countries.
|
1974
|
Kashmir Accord signed on November 3 by the envoy of Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi and Mirza Mohammed Afzal Beg envoy of Sheikh Abdullah.
|
1975
|
Sheikh Abdullah sworn in as Chief Minister on February 25 with
the support of the Congress Legislature Party.
|
1977
|
Sheikh Abdullah resigns on March 27, after Congress party withdraws
support to his government. State Assembly dissolved. On June 30,
elections held to the State Assembly, widely regarded as the first
free and fair elections in the State. National Conference wins
47 out of 76 seats.
|
1981
|
On January 23, Sheikh Abdullah formally nominates his son Farooq
Abdullah as his political heir.
|
1982
|
Sheikh Abdullah passes away on September 8. Farooq Abdullah appointed
Chief Minister.
|
1983
|
Farooq Abdullah leads the National conference to victory in the
June Legislative Assembly elections.
|
1984
|
Jagmohan appointed Governor in April and Farooq Abdullah's government
is dismissed on July 2. Farooq Abdullah's brother-in-law, G. M.
Shah sworn in as Chief Minister with the support of Congress party.
|
1986
|
G. M. Shah Government dismissed on March 7. Farooq Abdullah concludes
an agreement with Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and is sworn in
as Chief Minister.
|
1987
|
Muslim United Front (MUF) founded as a political front of several
Islamic organizations in the State. MUF opposes the National Conference-Congress
electoral alliance. Farooq Abdullah wins the elections, held in
March, to the State Legislative Assembly, amidst allegations of
widespread rigging.
|
1988
|
Protests and anti-India demonstrations held in the Valley. Police
open fire on the protestors, killing at least ten people. Protests
continue and curfew is imposed in the Valley in August.
|
1989
|
|
July 31
|
Bomb blast occurs outside Srinagar Telegraph Office, which, the
JKLF terms, is the first violent incident in the State's insurgency.
|
July
|
General (Retd) K V. Krishna Rao appointed Governor of the State.
|
August
|
Yusuf Halwai, a National Conference worker, is shot dead by terrorists.
|
December 8
|
Rubaiya Sayeed, daughter of the then Union Home Minister, Mufti
Mohammed Sayeed, kidnapped by the JKLF.
|
December 13
|
Rubaiya released in exchange for five JKLF leaders. Victory celebrations
held in Srinagar to mark leaders' release.
|
December 15
|
Five people killed in police firing, curfew imposed in the Valley
|
1990
|
|
January 19
|
Replacing Krishna Rao, Jagmohan appointed Governor of the State
for a second time; Farooq Abdullah resigns as the State's Chief
Minister.
|
January 20
|
35 protestors killed in Gawakadal bridgepolice firing,
Srinagar.
|
February 13
|
Lassa Koul, Director, Srinagar Doordarshan (television
station), killed by terrorists.
|
March 1
|
Police firing on mass protests leave more than 40 persons dead.
First reports surface of mass exodus by Kashmiri Pundits.
|
April 6
|
H.l. Khera, General Manager of a large public sector enterprise,
Hindustan Machine Tools, and Mushir-ul-Haq, Vice-Chancellor, Kashmir
University, abducted in Srinagar, and killed four days later,
on April 10, by Jammu and Kashmir Students Liberation Force (JKSLF)
activists.
|
May
|
Mohammed Din Gujjar, the shepherd who had alerted Indian security
forces about the presence of Pakistani Army personnel in Indian
controlled Kashmir (as part of Operation Gibraltar, 1965),
killed by terrorists.
|
May 21
|
Mirwaiz Maulvi Farooq, the Imam of Juma Masjid and a noted
religious and political leader of the State assassinated.
The funeral procession of the Mirwaiz is fired upon by security
forces; an estimated 50 mourners killed in the firing.
|
May 24
|
Girish Chandra Saxena, a former head of India's external intelligence
agency, Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), replaces Jagmohan
as Governor of the State.
|
1991
|
|
February 27
|
Nahida Imtiaz, daughter of Saifuddin Soz, then a senior NC leader,
abducted by terrorists of Ikhwan-ul Muslimeen and later set free,
on April 8, in exchange for a terrorist.
|
March-April
|
Three NC activists killed by terrorists on March 13, 23 and April
18.; Mir Ghulam Mustafa, noted MUF activist instrumental in the
negotiations for the release of Rubiya Sayeed, killed on March
23.
|
March 31
|
Two Swedes, engineers employed with Uri Hydel Project, abducted
by Muslim Janbaz Force (MJF); the two give a slip to their
captors within a week, on July 6
|
June 28
|
K. Doraiswamy, a senior executive with the Indian Oil Corporation
abducted by Ikhwan activists and released subsequently, on August
20, in exchange for the release of four terrorists.
|
August 13
|
S. L. Khosa, an insurance executive, abducted by Ikhwan activists
and released three months later in exchange for a terrorist.
|
September
|
K C Gupta, a bank executive, abducted by Hizbullah activists,
released later for a top Hizbullah terrorist.
The brother-in-law of the then Union Minister, Ghulam Nabi Azad,
abducted by Al-Umar, and set free in exchange for some terrorists.
Several teachers and doctors in Srinagar abducted by Al-Umar,
and released in exchange for seven terrorists.
|
1992
|
|
January 26
|
Baharatiya Janata Party (BJP) holds Ekta Yatra (unity
march) and hoists the Indian tricolour in Srinagar amidst total
curfew and tight security. Heavy firing by terrorists reported
across Srinagar during the event.
|
June 22
|
Six Israelis taken hostage by a terrorist front calling itself
Pasdaran-e-Inquilabi Islam; Two abductors and a hostage die later
in a scuffle between the abductors and the hostages.
|
May
|
Mushtaq Zargar, chief of Al-Umar arrested.
|
1993
|
|
January 6
|
Border Security Force (BSF) men indiscriminately fire and kill
40 persons in Sopore; also burn down a part of the town in retaliation
for the killing of two colleagues.
|
March 9
|
All Party Huriyat Conference (APHC)
founded as a united political front of all groups committed to
the secession of Jammu and Kashmir State from India.
|
March 11
|
General (Retd) K . V. Krishna Rao assumes office as Governor
for a second time.
|
April 22
|
State policemen strike work protesting the death of a constable
in army custody.
|
May 1
|
Mushtaq Ahmed alias Israil Khan, intelligence chief of
Ikhwan and a key figure in the 1991-abduction of several government
executives, killed.
|
October 7
|
Operation Sahayak launched in four phases to clear Sopore
of terrorists.
|
October 15
|
Hazratbal mosque besieged by terrorists and surrounded by security
forces.
|
October 21
|
BSF fires at a group of protestors in Bij Behara; sixty people
killed.
|
November 16
|
Hazratbal siege ends peacefully; terrorists holding the mosque
surrender.
|
November 19
|
Nasrullah Mansur Langrayal, Chief Commander, Harkat-ul
Mujahideen (HuM), arrested in Doda.
|
December 19
|
Master Ahsan Dar, J&K chief of Hizb-ul
Mujahideen (HM) arrested.
|
1994
|
|
January
|
In a maiden attempt to secure the release of Langrayal, terrorists
abduct two BSF men; government refuses to release Langrayal; terrorists
kill abducted BSF men.
|
February 11
|
Maulana Masood Azhar, General Secretary of the HuM and Sajjad
Afghani, the outfit's J&K military chief, arrested in Srinagar.
|
March 29
|
Lt. Gen. E.W Fernandes, Director General of Military Intelligence
and four other senior officers killed in a bomb explosion while
they were inspecting seized weapons in Badamibagh Cantonment.
Lt. Gen. Fernandes is the highest ranking military officer to
be killed by the insurgents till date.
|
May 17
|
JKLF leader Yasin Malik released from jail, declares renunciation
of violence.
|
June 6
|
Two foreigners abducted by HuA to obtain the
release of Langrayal, Masood and Afghani.
|
June 19
|
The Mirwaiz of South Kashmir, Qazi Nissar Ahmad, who demanded
the unconditional release of the hostages, killed allegedly by
Hizb-ul Mujahideen.
|
June 23
|
Following a hue and cry within the State and 'appeals' from Pakistan,
the two foreign hostages held in captivity since June 6 released
|
October-November
|
Four foreign nationals taken hostage by HuA in
the Indian capital, Delhi. Release of Langrayal, Masood and Afghani
demanded.
Police stumble upon their hide-out in the northern Indian State
of Uttar Pradesh and free the hostages. A British national of
Pakistani origin, Ahmed Omar Sheikh, the mastermind behind the
abductions, arrested.
|
1995
|
|
March 7
|
Following intelligence reports that terrorists of Hizbolla
and the HuA are holed up in the Charar-e-Sharief
shrine, security forces cordon off the town. The terrorists' joint
group within the shrine is subsequently led by Mast Gul of the
Hizbolla.
|
May 11
|
Army storms Charar-e-Sharief shrine; Mast Gul and Mohammad Zubair,
leader of the HuA group, escape. A top terrorist of HuA,
Abu Jindal arrested while escaping site of siege; The shrine and
a part of the town burnt down in the storming.
|
July 3
|
Four foreigners abducted from Pahalgam; A shadowy outfit, Al
Faran claims responsibility; Demands release of 21 terrorists held
in Indian jails, including that of top HuA leaders.
|
July 7
|
HuA reiterates ban on Amarnath Yatra, a ban that was imposed
by most terrorist groups in 1994 demanding removal of security
bunkers around Hazartbal shrine; All terrorist outfits
except HuA withdraw ban after security forces' bunkers
are removed.
|
July 8
|
One of the four persons abducted from Pahalgam, Childs, an American,
escapes from captivity; Abductors take two more foreigners hostage.
|
July 20
|
Bomb explosion in Jammu set off by HuA kills 20 persons and
threatens Amarnath Yatra.
|
August 5-9
|
Amarnath Yatra held amidst sporadic attacks on pilgrims
by HuA; No casualties.
|
December 4
|
Four terrorists killed in Darban, Anantnag district; A Turkish
terrorist Abdul Hameed 'Turki', reported to be the leader of the
Al Faran, also among terrorists killed. Security forces find no
trace of foreign hostages. Indian security forces took custody
of hostages, HuA alleges.
|
December 13
|
Indian intelligence sources hold that HuA terrorists killed hostages
on this day, on Turki's orders, before he was killed by Indian
security forces.
|
1996
|
|
March 30
|
Security forces storm JKLF's (Ammanullah's group) Hazratbal office;
33 terrorists killed wiping out JKLF (Ammanullah) entirely.
|
April
|
Elections for six parliamentary seats in the State held successfully.
|
June
|
Indian and Pakistani diplomats meet in Islamabad and announce
an eight-point agenda for peace talks, including Kashmir; To set
up mechanism to tackle Kashmir.
|
September
|
Elections to the State Legislative Assembly conducted successfully.
Farooq Abdullah sworn in Chief Minister.
|
1997
|
|
March
|
Elections to the Legislative Council held; National Conference
wins all but one seat; BJP bags a lone seat.
|
October 8
|
United States officially identifies HuA
as terrorist outfit.
|
November 1
|
A top Lashkar-e
Toiba terrorist, Abu Zabair, in-charge of terrorist activities
in the border districts of Poonch and Rajouri killed by Indian
Army, in Surankot area, Poonch.
|
November 4
|
Two microlight, pilotless aircraft found in Rajouri district;
Lends new technological dimension to the ongoing insurgency in
the Valley.
|
December 2
|
BSF men destroy HuA's main communication channel in the
Valley.
|
1998
|
Year of terrorist massacres,
eight instances where terrorists massacred civilian minorities
of the State.
|
January 30
|
Panic firing by security forces on a search operation in Marwah,
Doda district, kills nine civilians and injures forty others.
|
September
|
Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee and Sharief meet in
New York; Announce agreement to resume peace talks, beginning
with diplomats discussing peace, security and Kashmir in Islamabad.
|
October 4
|
Over 700 Islamic terrorists owing allegiance to Osama Bin Laden
crossed over from Pakistan to Kashmir to participate in the insurgency,
a London newspaper, Sunday Times reports.
|
1999
|
|
February
|
Indian and Pakistan Prime Ministers meet in Lahore; Sign Joint
Declaration expressing resolve to settle all contentious issues
between the two countries, including Kashmir, through bilateral
dialogue.
|
April 7
|
Top Harkat-ul Mujahideen terrorist, Abu Bakar, killed in Surankote,
Rajouri district.
|
May 26
|
India launches air attacks on intruders in Kargil.
|
June 13
|
Talks, in New Delhi, between Foreign Ministers of Pakistan and
India fail to resolve the crisis; India continues military campaign
against intruders.
|
July 4
|
US-Pakistan joint statement released, Pakistan agrees to "persuade"
intruders to withdraw from Kargil heights.
|
July 11
|
Kargil intruders reported to be withdrawing.
|
September 7
|
BJP's candidate for Anantnag Parliament constituency, Haider
Noorani killed in bomb blast during campaigning in Bijbehara.
|
September 13
|
Top Huriyat leaders including Chairman Syed Ali Shah Geelani
and Mohammad Yasin Malik chief of JKLF, arrested under Public
Safety Act (PSA) while campaigning against the Parliamentary elections.
|
October 4
|
Two top Huriyat leaders, Mirwaiz Moulvi Umar Farooq and Mohammad
Yasin Malik (who was arrested earlier and released) arrested in
Srinagar under PSA.
|
December 24
|
Indian Airlines Flight IC 814 from Kathmandu to New Delhi, hijacked
enroute. Hijackers force the plane to Amritsar, Lahore, Dubai,
and their final destination, Kandhar.
|
December 24 |
Lashkar fidayeen storm Srinagar Headquarters
of the J&K Police's Special Operations Group. A senior officer
and 11 other personnel were killed. All the fidayeen too were killed. |
December 30
|
Lashkar-e Toiba's J&K chief Abu Muwaih killed at Shankarpora
in Jammu
|
December 31
|
Three terrorists flown to Kandahar along with Foreign Minister
Jaswant Singh. Hostages released, hijackers and released prisoners
permitted to leave Kandahar; reach Pakistan. The released terrorists
include two Pakistani nationals Maulana Masood Azhar and Ahmad
Umar Syed Sheikh and a Kashmiri Mushtaq Ahmad Zargar.
|